Association between protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type R gene and major depressive disorder / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the genetic association between protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type R (PTPRR) gene polymorphism and major depressive disorder (MDD) and its endophenotype.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 517 unrelated MDD patients and 455 unrelated healthy subjects were recruited in this study to detect 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the PTPRR locus. They all were of the Chinese Han origin. Genotyping of SNPs was performed by matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) -based genotyping approach. The UNPHASED program was applied to analyze the genotyping data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 11 selected SNPs, no significant allelic and genotypic association was found between MDD patients and the normal controls (corrected P > 0.05). However, analysis of haplotypes showed that the three SNPs haplotype rs1398599 (C) -rs2175711 (A) - rs4489789 (T) (P = 0.0023, OR = 1.334, 95% CI = 1.104-1.612) and four SNPs haplotype rs11178391 (C) -rs1398599 (C) -rs2175711 (A)-rs4489789(T) (P = 0.0063, OR = 1.281, 95% CI = 1.059-1.549) were associated with increased risk of MDD. Quantitative trait analysis revealed that rs2203231 in the PTPRR locus had strong allelic and genotypic association with the raw score of long-term memory (P = 0.0038 for allelic association, P = 0.0024 for genotypic association), the scaled score of long-term memory (P = 0.0057 for allelic association, P = 0.0038 for genotypic association), the raw score of short-term memory (P = 0.0027 for allelic association, P = 0.0015 for genotypic association), and the scaled score of short-term memory (P = 0.0035 for allelic association, P = 0.002 for genotypic association) in MDD patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The polymorphism of PTPRR gene rs2203231 may be associated with the impairment of long-term and short-term memories in MDD patients.</p>

Association between copy number variants within metabotropic glutamate receptors 7 gene and schizophrenia / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether genomic copy number variants (CNVs), within metabotropic glutamate receptors 7 (GRM 7) gene are associated with schizophrenia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We examined CNVs in conserved region of GRM7 using real time quantitative PCR among 180 Chinese schizophrenia cases and 33 normal controls. Products of real time quantitative PCR were sequenced bilaterally.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Real time quantitative PCR found that a biallelic deletion existed at the 200 bps up-stream of exon 2 in a schizophrenia patient and a monoallelic deletion existed at this site in another 13 schizophrenia patients and a control subject. However, sequencing results showed a substitution of C to G at the 5bp up-stream of 3' end of reverse primer for real time PCR (GRM7-SV-1R). In addition, samples with this variant were exactly those having biallelic or monoallelic deletions, indicating that the results of the real time PCR were caused by the substitution variant at the 3' end of the primer rather than a bona fide genome deletion.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Real-time quantitative PCR combined with sequencing can avoid false positive deletions and therefore is effective in detecting CNVs. According to our results, CNVs in GRM 7 gene is not associated with schizophrenia in the Han Chinese population. However, some potential rare CNVs may still have such relationship, and require further study.</p>

Association between monoamine oxidase A gene and major depression in Chinese Han population / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the association between monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism and major depression in Chinese Han population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Polymerase chain reaction was used to genotype MAOA VNTR polymorphism. A total of 512 major depression patients and 566 normal controls were recruited in our study. These patients were also assessed using the 14-item Hamilton anxiety scale. RESULTS The allele frequency of MAOA VNTR was not significantly different between the male/female major depression patients and the normal controls. Compared with the normal controls, MAOA VNTR genotype was significantly more frequent in female major depression patients (P=0.002), but not in male patients (P=0.17). MAOA VNTR-L carrier was also associated with "fear" symptom in female patients (P=0.0056).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MAOA gene is associated with the major depression in Chinese Han population, especially among female patients.</p>

Comparison of antibacterial activities of different concentrations of the cefoperazone-sulbactam combination disc upon commonly found gram negative bacilli / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To evaluate antibacterial activities of Cefoperazone-Sulbactam upon gram negative bacilli,and compare the differences in susceptibility between two different concentrations of Cefoperazone-Sulbactam combination disc.Method A total of 381 strains of commonly occurred gram negative bacilli were found from 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital,The Third Hospital of Hangzhou and Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine respectively.Susceptibility test was conducted by K-B method using 75 μg/disc Cefoperazone plus with 75 μg/disc Sulbactam(150 disc)and 75 μg/disc Cefoperazone with 30 μg/disc Sulbactam(105 disc),respectively.Meanwhile the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)of Cefoperazone-Sulbactam was determined by standard agar dilution.The data were analyzed by using WHONET 5.4 and SPSS.Results Disc diffusion method was carried out to detect the antibacterial activities upon Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumonia,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii,using 105 disc and 150 disc,respectively.The data indicated that consistency rates between these two different discs were 26.3%,79.2%,83.7%and 33%,respectively.The k-related sample test was performed by using SPSS version 10.0 and shown that the P value was less than 0.05.Upon those organisms mentioned above,the consistency rates between the antibacterial activities of 105 disc and those of agar dilution were 77.8%,89.6%,70.9%and 77%,respectively.When it was going to compare agar dilution vs.150 disc upon the susceptibility of those organisms the consistency rates were 27.3%,79.2%,61.6%and 30%,respectively.Compared with agar dilution,the error rates of those two different concentration discs revealed that the false susceptibility and false intermediate of 105 disc were higher than those of 105 disc.ConclusionsThe results of susceptibility test showed that 105 disc was more close to agar dilution than that of 150 disc.However,the 150 disc used in clinic led to increase in sensitivity of susceptibility test to organisms.

Association between the serotonin 1A receptor C(-1019)G polymorphism and major depressive disorder in the northern Han ethnic group in China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Recent studies have suggested that susceptibility to major depressive disorder (MDD) might be related to the serotonin 1A receptor (5-HTR1A) C (-1019) G polymorphism. In this study, we aimed to assess the association between 5-HTR1A C (-1019) G polymorphism and MDD in the Northern Han ethnic group of China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The C (-1019) G of 5-HTR1A was detected with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 400 patients with MDD and 400 unrelated age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. Association between the C (-1019) G and MDD was statistically analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was a statistically significant difference between MDD patients and controls in both the genotype distribution (Chi(2) = 10.913, df = 2, P = 0.004) and the allele frequency (Chi(2) = 10.379, df = 1, P = 0.001), and a significant difference in the genotype distribution and the allele frequency was found both in the female subjects (Genotype distribution: Chi(2) = 15.406, df = 2, P = 0.000; allele frequency: Chi(2) = 15.552, df = 1, P = 0.000) and the late-onset subjects (Genotype distribution: Chi(2) = 7.771, df = 2, P = 0.021; allele frequency: Chi(2) = 8.007, df = 1, P = 0.005) in the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These results suggest that 5-HTR1A C (-1019) G polymorphism is probably associated with MDD and it is likely to be the susceptible gene locus for the female and late-onset MDD.</p>

Research for the protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor 22 gene polymorphism in rheumatoid arthritis pafients / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between the PTPN22 gene polymorphism and rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods Real time fluorescent quantitation PCR was used to detect the 1123G＞C polymorphism of the PTPN22 gene from 200 RA patients,100 others rheumatic diseases and 200 the normal controls.The results were analyzed by SPSS 11.0 software.Results The CC genotype frequencies of RA patients.others rheumatic diseases and the normal controls were 0.120,0.020 and 0.015 respectively.There was a significant difiefence between BA patients and others rheumatic diseases (X=18.708.P＜0.01).1'here Wag a significant difference between RA patients and the normal controls(X2=24.337,P＜0.01).There was not statistically significant between others rheumatic diseases and the normal controls(X2=1.066,P＞0.05).The C allele frequency of RA patients,others rheumatic diseases and the normal controls were 0.360.0.190 and 0.215 respectively.The results were significant difference.Conclusion The PTPN22 gene could be one of predisposing genes and the therapeutic target genes with RA patients.

Relationship between mucosal patterns of Barrett esophagus under magnifcation endoscopy and pa-thology / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To investigate the relationships among clinical features, endoscopic characteristics and pathologic epithelial types of Barrett esophagus. Methods Magnification chromoendoscopy ( MCE) was performed in 2506 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease ( GERD) and 106 patients with Barrett esophagus in our hospital during Feb,2003 -Feb,2004 were analyzed. The clinical features, endoscopic characteristics, pathologic epithelial types and their relationships were analyzed. Results The symptoms of gastro esophageal reflux disease ( GERD) were the main presentation of Barrett esophagus but 27 (25. 5% ) cases without such presentation. Four types of mueosal patterns, dot pattern, ridge or villous pattern and irregular/distorted pattern. were noted within the columnar mucosa using high magnification endos-copy: There were three epithelial types within the columnar lined esophagus: intestinal metaplasia (IM ) , cardiac and fundie types. Three epithelial types were noted in the methylene blue staining areas; ridged/vil-lous pattern and irregular/distorted pattern, all of them were in epithelial types of intestinal metaplasia. Conclusion Magnification chromoendoscopy helps to identify areas with IM, and having important significance in diagnosis and clinical follow up of Barrett esophagus.

Changes of Pancreatic Islets Functions and Insulin Resistance Index in Children with Severe Stress / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To compare the saccharometabolism with the pancreatic islets functions and insulin resistance index in children with severe stress. Methods Thirty children with severe stress and 30 healthy children in control group were tested. The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) and fasting C - peptide (FCP) were detected by radioimmunoassay respectively and insulin sensitivity index (ISI), insulin resistance index (IR) and fasting blood cell function index (FBCI) were calculated statistically. Results There were significant differences between the children with severe stress and the normal controls in the levels of FINS, FCP and FBG,(all P0.05). Conclusion There is insulin resistance with the significant decrease in the insulin sensitivity index and significant increase in insulin resistance index in the children with severe stress, which may cause the disorder in glucose metabolism in children with severe stress.